Share

Question for Economic Experts: Can You Say "Housing Bubble"?

by: Dean Baker, t r u t h o u t | Perspective

photo
(Photo: The Financial Help Center)

    The answer for many economists is apparently "no." Many of the most important figures in economic policy over the last decade, including luminaries like Alan Greenspan, Ben Bernanke, Robert Rubin and Henry Paulson, could not see the $8 trillion housing bubble growing right in front of their eyes. As the bubble grew larger, and the financial system became ever more highly leveraged, these folks saw nothing but blue skies ahead.

    Not only did these folks miss the bubble, even now, they still can't seem to understand the housing bubble as its collapse throws the economy into the worst downturn since the Great Depression. That is the only possible explanation for Henry Paulson's 4.5 percent mortgage rate policy.

    The bubble has largely deflated in many parts of the country, however, prices in many of the former bubble markets still must decline another 20 percent to 30 percent to return to trend levels. It does not make sense to apply the same policy to both bubble and non-bubble markets.

    In non-bubble markets, it might be appropriate to use aggressive measures, like extraordinarily low mortgage rates, as a tool to stabilize house prices. We want to avoid the scenario in which falling house prices create an expectation of further declines in house prices. This expectation can become self-fulfilling, as potential buyers defer purchases, causing house prices to fall further.

    By contrast, in the bubble markets, supply hugely exceeds demand at current prices. The only way to restore stability to these markets is to have prices return to levels that are consistent with the underlying supply and demand conditions. The effort to sustain prices at their current bubble-inflated level will be no more successful than an effort in 2000 to keep the NASDAQ at its 5,000 peak.

    Even worse, to the extent that we can artificially prop up house prices in these bubble markets, we would just be passing along the pain to a new contingent of homebuyers. We are not going to have 4.5 percent mortgage interest rates forever. Suppose the economy recovers in a few years and mortgage rates rise back to a more normal 6.5 percent to 7.5 percent level.

    Whatever effect low mortgage rates had in sustaining house prices will be reversed. House prices will complete their correction and today's homebuyers may well be seeing losses of 15 percent to 20 percent when they sell their homes in five years. For a house selling at $250,000, this price decline translates into a loss of $38,000 to $50,000.

    Losing $38,000 to $50,000 would destroy the bulk of most homeowners' wealth. That does not seem like very good policy.

    Unfortunately, most of the promoters of the housing bubble still have not owned up to the harm caused by their policy. Millions of people are facing the prospect of losing their home, and tens of millions of people are losing their life's savings, because the people who are supposed to know better didn't. They encouraged people to buy homes and/or borrow against them in what was quite obviously a bubble-inflated market.

    Before Paulson is allowed to carry through with his scheme to use public money in an attempt to reinflate the housing bubble, he should be forced to publicly explain how he thinks this policy will work. There are clearly people who will be badly harmed by temporarily reinflating the bubble. Unless Paulson can explain how the benefits will outweigh this harm, he should not be allowed to pursue his blanket policy of providing 4.5 percent mortgages everywhere.

    As it is, Paulson and other people in policy positions have not even acknowledged that we have a housing bubble that is in the process of deflating. Paulson could not possibly be so incompetent that he still doesn't see the housing bubble, but for some reason he can't bring himself to talk about it.

    If Paulson cannot bring himself to talk about the housing bubble in a serious way, then he does not deserve to be taken seriously in discussions of economic policy. The same is true of any other person in either the Bush or Obama administration. In this period of crisis, we can't afford to waste any more time with policymakers so clueless that they can't see an $8 trillion housing bubble.

  

»


Dean Baker is the Co-director of the Center for Economic and Policy Research. CEPR's Jobs Byte is published each month upon release of the Bureau of Labor Statistics' employment report.

Comments

This is a moderated forum. Β It may take a little while for comments to go live. Be civil and on-topic, don't threaten or advocate violence, please keep it under 300 words. Thanks for participating.

Dean Baker=Trusted! We may

Dean Baker=Trusted! We may suffer more from the Wall Street bailout than the colapse of the housing bubble.

There ae two housing crises:

There ae two housing crises: I. Many people can't find a home or house to live in. 2.Several million square feet of living space will either be abandoned via foreclosure, or will not be moved into because new houses are way too big and unaffordable.The US Govt. should directly buy up the homes (Not the paper) at their TRUE, reduced market value, and convert them into low income housing. Presto! Everybody gets a bed and a roof. The original mortgagee will be allowed to live in "his" home, but he'll have to accept roommates as part of the deal. Because much of the currently unoccupied space is out in the suburbs, how on earth will the poorer folks get to work from their new abodes? Let Uncle Sam toss in a Prius, a carbon bicycle frame, and a free bus pass. Would the total cost come to $700 billion? Probably not. Poor, lonely Richard Fuld could use some companionship!

I agree. What scares me

I agree. What scares me much more than the current recession is that politicians seem willing to go to any length to give voters the candy they want: instant economic gratification. We all overspent the last few years. Either we all tighten our budgets and lower our expectations, or we elect politicians who promise to avert this and any future recession by simply giving out as much money as it requires. We need "sustainability" not just for the environment, but for our economy as well.

Along with the collapse of

Along with the collapse of the housing bubble we have the collapse of the ecosystems we rely upon for sustenance. Reinflating will simply speed up the ecological collapse and bring the next economic crash and so on with each crash getting harder to handle and more destructive of the planet.

The feds might turn that

The feds might turn that housing stock into prisons for all we know. I can't agree with that plan. Giving it over to some local governments might not be good either. Local governments have been known to condemn housing to turn it over to assorted boondoggles. It's hard to think of an organization to trust in this mess. Local coop credit unions and banks, maybe, the ones who carry their own paper, have not sold it away and consequently already have to maintain local property? Another scary thing is the "infrastructure" talk. They want to further enrich already rich contractors building things that are obsolete before they are built. I am not sure how ordinary people can affect this. Where I live, loads of us will oppose a new car bridge. They have ways to not hear us though. LNG lines are another boondoggle. How can we stop these? Can someone write a bit on that?

Not since the end of the 2nd

Not since the end of the 2nd WW has our country shown it's economic might. At that time our industrial might combined with our national resources gave us an overwhelming edge on the rest of the world. As Europe picked themselves up from the ashes of that conflict we were the economic stimulus that drove the rest of the world. Our vision was not 20-20 however. We made mistakes but our economic engine continued to allow the American dream to exist. Then forgetting the principles that made us who we were, we sort-of took some giant leaps backwards. Greed became the mantra of who we were. That fueled the era of deregulation. We had the little S&L crisis of the 80's. But the recent sub-prime melt down makes the Keating era look like Tonka toy trucks next to a semi truck. Why do we have laws restricting how we drive cars? Because if we did not we would have anarchy on the roads. So despite some higher placed individuals thinking that regulations restrict "free will" it's obviously necessary. Greed is not good, bigger is not better. Throwing more money to "fix" what is broken won't work. Next to the Iraq war fiasco, what Paulson and Bernake have done is nothing short of criminal. Are there any intelligent people left in our government to quote Lou Dobbs?

The 6.5% to 7.5% mortgage

The 6.5% to 7.5% mortgage rates represent a 40-year low. A more average rate would be 9% to 10%. At these rates, housing prices still need to go lower to be affordable. The only real solution is higher wages.

Here's another aspect of the

Here's another aspect of the downward spiral in housing that I have yet to see addressed in any real way. While foreclosures rise, those still in their homes are seeing the value of their property drop as their mortgage debt remains the same, thus an upside down relationship develops, which prevents refinancing. There is no end to the negative spiral until either property values are frozen or mortgages are adjusted to reflect the reassessed value that has declined due to foreclosures of neighboring properties. Certainly as a previous comment points out we are also seeing the decline in the ecosystems that support life in general and yet nowhere is overpopulation being discussed. As more of us humans are born production of everything from pampers to new housing will be pushed to meet the projected demand for stuff...not sure what the solution is there - maybe adoption???or not buying stuff??? certainly the hollydaze bring up these issues about consumption...

"Paulson could not possibly

"Paulson could not possibly be so incompetent that he still doesn't see the housing bubble..." And neither could Bernanke nor Greenspan nor Rubin nor the rest of the econ experts. So the real question is: what is their true agenda? It's like saying the entire Cheney/Bush administration could not possibly have been so incompetent that they believed Iraq had WMDs in spite of all evidence to the contrary... No, clearly Paulson and company are working from a playbook as yet unidentified...

"Here's another aspect of

"Here's another aspect of the downward spiral in housing" What an ignorant commentary. Buying a home and refinancing it every few years along the way is nothing more than a gamble. Not a god given, American right to riches. Those who expected to do so are mere speculating gamblers who should be foreclosed on, receive a big black mark on their credit and get out of the way for responsible working people who need a reasonably priced home.