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Memos Show Pressure on EPA Chief
The Associated Press
Tuesday 26 February 2008
Washington - Some high-ranking career staffers concerned about the reputation
of the Environmental Protection Agency believed that Administrator Stephen Johnson
would have to consider resigning if he turned down California's request to reduce
vehicle greenhouse gas emissions, newly released documents show.
Johnson denied the waiver request in December, blocking California and at least
16 other states from implementing the reductions.
The internal discussions were a part of transcripts released Tuesday by Sen.
Barbara Boxer, D-Calif., who is investigating that decision.
Among them is a staff memo prepared in October for the head of EPA's Office
of Transportation and Air Quality, Margo Oge, at the request of William K. Reilly,
who served as EPA administrator under President George H.W. Bush.
Reilly, who later publicly questioned Johnson's decision to deny the waiver,
wanted the memo for a discussion with the administrator, he said. The memo urged
Johnson to grant the waiver or find a compromise.
"You have to find a way to get this done. If you cannot, you will face a pretty
big personal decision about whether you are able to stay in the job under those
circumstances," said the memo, written by a deputy to Oge, who is a career
agency employee.
"This is a choice only you can make, but I ask you to think about the history
and the future of the agency in making it. If you are asked to deny this waiver,
I fear the credibility of the agency that we both love will be irreparably damaged,"
said the memo.
"The eyes of the world are on you," it said.
"It is obvious to me that there is no legal or technical justification for
denying this," the memo added.
After Boxer aides released the memo Tuesday, initially saying it had been written
for Oge to deliver, Reilly came forward to explain his role in requesting it.
He said he didn't use much of the memo's contents when he spoke with Johnson
to urge him to grant the California waiver.
"I certainly did not suggest the administrator should resign," Reilly told
The Associated Press. "An EPA administrator gets over-caffeinated advocacy
groups saying that three times a day and I certainly wasn't going to join that
parade."
Reilly, who co-chairs a bipartisan group called the National Commission on
Energy Policy, said he "absolutely" would have granted the waiver had he been
administrator.
He said he made his position clear to Johnson and in an earlier conversation
with White House Chief of Staff Joshua Bolten. "My views were well-known,"
Reilly said.
EPA spokesman Jonathan Shradar said the documents reinforced that Johnson was
exposed to a wide range of views before making his decision.
"All these documents, all that we've produced in accordance with the committee's
oversight responsibilities, all they show is a continuance of what we've talked
about - the administrator was fully informed, he had great career and political
staff giving him options, and he followed what he saw was the law," Shradar
said.
Johnson has said repeatedly that he alone made the decision to deny the waiver,
but Boxer, who chairs the Environment and Public Works Committee, questioned
that.
She released a portion of Johnson's schedule showing a meeting at the White
House apparently to discuss the California waiver. An attached briefing memo
seems to support California's position.
"You know, a funny thing happened on the way to the White House," Boxer said.
"Mr. Johnson goes into the White House with a briefing that tells him to fight
for the waiver, and then the waiver's not granted."
Boxer's aides have been allowed to transcribe unredacted versions of the EPA
documents under the supervision of EPA staff. Boxer has ignored EPA requests
to keep the contents confidential.
The EPA, which has been sued by California and other states over the waiver
decision, has yet to release communications between EPA and the White House,
saying they are under legal review, Boxer said.
In a letter to Boxer, EPA Associate Administrator Christopher P. Bliley said
EPA is consulting with other executive branch agencies on the document requests.
In denying the waiver, Johnson said that a national approach would be better
and that California had not demonstrated a compelling need for the law, which
would have forced automakers to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 30 percent in
new cars and light trucks by 2016.
Johnson made his decision on the same day President Bush signed a new law raising
fuel economy standards, which Johnson said would provide the needed nationwide
approach. California officials argue that California's law would be stronger
and act faster.
The Clean Air Act gives California special authority to regulate vehicle pollution
because the state began such regulations before the federal government. But
a federal waiver is required, and if California gets one, then other states
can adopt California's standards, too.
Twelve other states - Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey,
New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont and Washington
- had adopted California's tailpipe standards and the governors of Arizona,
Colorado, Florida and Utah had said they also plan to adopt them. The rules
were under consideration elsewhere, too.
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